Cardiovascular system Electrocardiogram

The electrocardiogram is an exam that record the heart activity with the patient at rest (laid down) in a video monitor or paper. ECG might help to detect alterations such as irregularity in heartbeats, infarction zones, and ischemia (reduction in the blood flow to the heart), as well as increase of cavities, by measuring the electric impulses.

The effort electrocardiogram (or effort test) is an exam where an electrocardiogram is recorded while the patient practices exercise on a treadmill or exercise bicycle. The objective is to show the heart activity during the exercise and to identify ischemia signs. During the physical effort, the heart is more required and alterations may appear in this exam that did not appear in the ECG at rest. The test is considered as positive when the probability of ischemic cardiac disease is high and as negative when such probability is low. However, its accuracy is not absolute. Sometimes, people with no significant disease may present an altered effort ECG, as well as their exam can be normal and the patients present a cardiac disease.

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