Cardiovascular system Procedures in carotids

The carotid arteries are vessels that start in the aorta (in the thorax), course over the neck, and enter in the skull. They take blood to the brain. There can be impairment in the brain circulation when they are compromised with atheroma (fat) plaques inside them.

Figure 1. Carotid narrowed by atheroma plaque

Surgery is a procedure to be considered in patients with symptoms clearly related to a carotid disease or even without symptoms, but with severe narrowing, mainly if these symptoms occur in both carotids.

In the conventional operation, the surgeon removes the fat plaque (endarterectomy) by an incision on the neck.

Figure 2. Surgical removal of an atheroma plaque

In the angioplasty with stent, the surgeon dilates the vessel obstructed with the fat plaques and places a spring inside it to mold and keep such artery opened.

Figure 3. Stent inside a vessel
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